Heat the oil in a large stockpot over medium-high heat. Add the garlic, celery and carrots to the pan. Generously salt and pepper the vegetables. Sauté over medium-high heat until the vegetables have softened, about 5-7 minutes.
Add the turkey, broth, bay leaves, salt and pepper. Cover and bring to a boil. Reduce heat and simmer 30 minutes.
Remove bay leaves and discard. Return to boil; gradually add noodles. Cook, stirring occasionally, for 12 to 15 minutes.